1.) 
def print_list_info(my_list):
    
    print("Total number of items in the list:", len(my_list))

    
    print("Fourth item in the list:", my_list[3])

   
    print("Last three items in the list:", my_list[-3:])

     
    print("All items in the list except the first two:", my_list[2:])

   
    print("List in reverse order:", my_list[::-1])

   
    print("Largest value in the list:", max(my_list))
    print("Smallest value in the list:", min(my_list))

    
    print("Sum of all values in the list:", sum(my_list))

   
    if 0 in my_list:
        print("Index of the first zero in the list:", my_list.index(0))
    else:
        print("There are no zeroes in the list.")

   
    sorted_list = sorted(my_list)
    print("List after sorting:", sorted_list)

    
    sorted_list.pop(0)
    print("List after deleting the first item:", sorted_list)

   
    sorted_list[-2] = 9876
    print("List after changing the second-to-last item:", sorted_list)

    
    sorted_list.append(-500)
    print("List after appending -500:", sorted_list)


def output_fn():
    user_input = input("Enter at least five integers separated by spaces: ")
    my_list = [int(x) for x in user_input.split()]
    
    if len(my_list) >= 5:
        print_list_info(my_list)
    else:
        print("Please enter at least five integers.")
output_fn()
 
################################################################################################################################
2.) 
def find_smallest_number_and_index(input_list):
    smallest_number = min(input_list)
    index_of_smallest = input_list.index(smallest_number)
    return smallest_number, index_of_smallest

def output_fn():
    user_input = input("Enter a list of numbers separated by spaces: ")
    numbers_list = [float(x) for x in user_input.split()]

    if len(numbers_list) > 0:
        smallest_num, index_of_smallest = find_smallest_number_and_index(numbers_list)
        print("Smallest number in the list:", smallest_num)
        print("First index at which it appears:", index_of_smallest)
    else:
        print("Please enter a valid list of numbers.")

output_fn()
#################################################################################################################################### 
3.) def count_letter_occurrences(input_string):
    letter_counts = [0] * 26  

    for char in input_string:
        if 'a' <= char <= 'z':
            letter_counts[ord(char) - ord('a')] += 1

    return letter_counts

def output_fn():
    user_input = input("Enter a string of lowercase letters: ")
    letter_counts = count_letter_occurrences(user_input)

    # Print the letter counts.
    for i in range(26):
        letter = chr(i + ord('a'))
        count = letter_counts[i]
        print(f"Number of '{letter}'s in the string: {count}")
output_fn()
 
#################################################################################################################################### 

def output():
    my_dict = {
        'abc': 7,
        'def': 11,
        'ghi': 13,
        'jkl': 17,
        'mno': 19
    }

   
    print("Value associated with 'def':", my_dict['def'])

    print("All keys in the dictionary:", list(my_dict.keys()))

    print("Keys and their associated values:")
    for key, value in my_dict.items():
        print(f"{key}: {value}")

   
    if 'pqr' in my_dict:
        print("The dictionary contains the key 'pqr'.")
    else:
        print("The dictionary does not contain the key 'pqr'.")

    
    my_dict['abc'] = 23

    
    print("All values in the dictionary:", list(my_dict.values()))
output()